ColdBox HMVC Documentation
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4.x
4.x
  • Introduction
  • Intro
    • Introduction
      • What's New With 4.3.0
      • What's New With 4.2.0
      • What's New With 4.1.0
      • What's New With 4.0.0
        • WireBox 2.0.0
        • CacheBox 2.0.0
        • LogBox 2.0.0
      • Upgrading to ColdBox 4
      • About This Book
      • Author
  • For Newbies
    • 60 Minute Quick Start
      • Installing ColdBox
      • My First ColdBox Application
      • My First Handler & View
      • Linking Events Together
      • Working With Event Handlers
      • Adding A Layout
      • Adding A Model
      • RESTFul Data
      • Next Steps
  • Getting Started
    • Getting Started Guide
    • Installation
    • Conventions
    • Configuration
      • ColdBox.cfc
        • Configuration Directives
          • CacheBox
          • ColdBox
          • Conventions
          • Environments
          • Flash
          • InterceptorSettings
          • Interceptors
          • Layouts
          • LayoutSettings
          • LogBox
          • Modules
          • ModuleSettings
          • Settings
          • WireBox
        • System Settings (Java Properties and Environment Variables)
      • Using Settings
      • Bootstrapper - Application.cfc
  • The Basics
    • Request Context
    • Routing
      • Requirements
        • Rewrite Rules
      • Application Router
      • Routing DSL
        • Routing By Convention
        • Pattern Placeholders
        • Routing Methods
        • Resourceful Routes
        • Named Routes
        • Routing Groups
        • Routing Namespaces
      • Building Routable Links
      • RESTFul Extension Detection
      • HTTP Method Spoofing
      • HTML Base Tag
      • Pathinfo Providers
    • Event Handlers
      • How are events called?
      • Getting & Setting Values
      • Setting Views
      • Relocating
      • Rendering Data
      • Sending Files
      • Interception Methods
        • Pre Advices
        • Post Advices
        • Around Advices
      • Model Integration
        • Model Data Binding
      • HTTP Method Security
      • Implicit Methods
      • Executing Events
      • Viewlets - Reusable Events
      • Event Caching
      • Validation
    • Layouts & Views
      • Views
        • Rendering Views
        • Rendering External Views
        • Rendering With Local Variables
        • Rendering Collections
        • View Caching
        • View Helpers
        • View Events
      • Layouts
        • Basic Layouts
        • Default Layout
        • Nested Layouts
        • Overriding Layouts
        • Layouts From A Module
        • Layout Helpers
        • Layout Events
      • Implicit Layout-View Declarations
      • Helpers UDF's
      • ColdBox Elixir
    • Models
      • Domain Modeling
        • Service Layer
        • Data Layers
        • Book
      • Conventions Location
      • WireBox Binder
      • Super Type Usage Methods
      • Injection DSL
        • Model Object Namespace
        • ColdBox Namespace
        • CacheBox Namespace
        • LogBox Namespace
        • WireBox Namespace
        • EntityService Namespace
      • Object Scopes
      • Coding: Solo Style
        • Datasource
        • Contact.cfc
        • ContactDAO.cfc
        • ContactService.cfc
        • Contacts Handler
      • Coding: ActiveEntity Style
        • ORM
        • Contact.cfc
        • Contacts Handler
        • Views
      • Coding: Virtual Service Layer
        • ORM
        • Contacts.cfc
        • Contacts Handler
        • Views
      • Coding: ORM Scaffolding
        • ORM
        • Contacts.cfc
        • Scaffold
  • HMVC
    • Modules
      • Core Modules
      • Locations
      • Parent Configuration
      • Module Layout
        • Changing The Module Layout
      • Module Service
        • Module Lifecycle
        • Module Registration
        • Module Activation
        • Module Unloading
        • Common Methods
        • Loading New Modules
        • Loading A-la-carte Modules
        • Module Events
      • ModuleConfig
        • Public Module Properties\/Directives
        • The Decorated Variables
        • The configure() Method
        • Module Settings
        • Environment Control
        • Interceptor Events
      • Module Event Executions
      • URL Routing
        • Default Route Execution
        • Module Routes Files
      • Request Context Module Methods
      • Layout and View Renderings
        • Layout\/View Discovery
        • Overriding Views
        • Overriding Layouts
        • Default Module Layout
        • Explicit Module Renderings
      • Models
      • Module CF Mappings
      • Module Dependencies
      • Module Bundles
      • Module Inception
  • Testing
    • Testing Quick Start
    • Testing ColdBox Applications
      • Test Harness
      • ColdBox Testing Classes
      • Integration Testing
        • Test Annotations
        • Common Methods
        • Life-Cycle Events
        • Test Setup
        • The execute() Method
        • The Handler To Test
        • The Integration Test
        • Handler Returning Results
        • Testing Without Virtual Application
        • Rendering Results
        • HTTP Method Mocking
      • Interceptor Testing
      • Model Object Testing
      • Tips & Tricks
  • Digging Deeper
    • Interceptors
      • How do they work?
        • Conventions
      • Interceptor Declaration
      • Interceptor Registration
      • Core Interception Points
        • Application Life Cycle Events
        • Object Creating Events
        • Layout-View Events
        • Module Events
        • CacheBox Events
      • Restricting Execution
      • Interceptor Output Buffer
      • Custom Events
        • Configuration Registration
        • Programmatic Registration
        • Listening
        • Announcing Interceptions
      • Unregistering Interceptors
      • Reporting Methods
      • Interceptor Asynchronicity
        • Async Announcements
        • Async Listeners With Join
        • Async Listeners No Join
        • Asynchronous Annotations
    • Flash RAM
      • Flash Storage
      • Using Flash RAM
      • Creating Your Own Flash Scope
    • HTML Helper
    • ColdBox Proxy
      • Getting Started
      • The Base Proxy Object
      • The Event Handlers
        • Distinguishing Request Types
        • RenderData()
      • Proxy Events
      • Standard Return Types
      • Caveats & Gotchas
    • Request Context Decorator
    • Recipes
      • Building REST APIs
      • Application Templates
      • ColdBox Exception Handling
      • Debugging ColdBox Apps
      • Controller Decorator
      • Clearing the View Cache
      • Building a simple Basic HTTP Authentication Interceptor
  • Architecture Concepts
    • What is MVC
    • What is ColdBox
    • How ColdBox Works
    • Testing Concepts
      • Functional Testing
      • Non-Functional Testing
      • Bugs Cost Money
      • Static Testing
      • Dynamic Testing
      • Developer Focus
      • Testing Vocabulary
      • Testing Tools
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  • What is a service layer?
  • The Book Services

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  1. The Basics
  2. Models
  3. Domain Modeling

Service Layer

Last updated 7 years ago

Was this helpful?

I want to apply best practices and use a service layer approach for my application and model design. I will then use these service objects in my handlers in order to do the business logic for me. Repeat after me:

I WILL NOT PUT BUSINESS LOGIC IN EVENT HANDLERS!

The whole point of the model layer is that it is separate from the other 2 layers (controller and views). Remember, the model is supposed to live on its own and not be dependent on external layers (Decoupled). From these simple requirements I will create the following classes:

  • BookService.cfc - A service layer for book operations

  • Book.cfc - Represents a book in my system

What is a service layer?

A service layer approach is a way to architect enterprise applications in which there is a layer that acts as a service or mediator to your domain models, data layers and so forth. This layer is the one that event handlers or remote ColdBox proxies can talk to in order to interact with the domain model. There are basically two approaches when building a service layer:

  1. Designing the services around functionality that might encompass several domain model objects. This is our preferred approach as it creates a more rich service layer and you will not have class explosion.

  2. Designing a service for each business object, which in turn matches a table or set of tables in the permanent storage. This approach is easy to follow, but the consequences are the responsibilities that could be grouped are not and you will end up with class explosion.

The best way to determine what you prefer or need is to actually try both approaches. Once you design them and put them in practice, you will find your preference. I want to concentrate and challenge you to try these approaches out and learn from your experiences. I believe there is NO SILVER BULLET on OO design, just stick to best practices and practice code smell, the art of knowing when your code is not right and therefore smells nasty!

The Book Services

The BookService object will be my API to do operations as mentioned in my requirements and this is the object that will be used by my handlers. My Book object will model a Book's data and behavior. It will be produced, saved and updated by the BookService object and will be used by event handlers in order to populate and validate them with data from the user.

The view layer will also use the Book object in order to present the data. As you can see, the event handlers are in charge of talking to the Domain Model for operations/business logic, controlling the user's input requests, populating the correct data into the Book model object and making sure that it is sent to the book service for persistence.

A Service Layer defines an application's boundary [Cockburn PloP] and its set of available operations from the perspective of interfacing client layers. It encapsulates the application's business logic, controlling transactions and coor-dinating responses in the implementation of its operations.

Martin Fowler